Introduction to the Colon and Anal Disease Center

a. Anal disease (so-called hemorrhoids) and defecation disorder (defecation trouble)
"Symptoms of many anal diseases appear during defecation." “Something prolapses”, “bleeding” and “pain” are the main ones. Diagnosis is made by observation with an anoscope or colonoscopy, finger examination of the anus, and prolapsed lesions after torture.

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Conservative therapy (review of lifestyle, ointments, injections, improvement of bowel movements) is performed in the early stages, and surgical therapy is performed in advanced cases. Surgery tries to preserve the anal sphincter muscle and anal epithelium as much as possible.

This is to keep the anus tight after surgery and prevent the anus from becoming narrow (anal stenosis).

Anal tightness is assessed by anal manometry.

The complaints of the bowel movement itself are manifold. “Usually have a bowel movement for several days,” on the other hand, “several lines in one hour”, “difficulty in bowel movement/excessive straining”, “remaining bowel movements after bowel movements” , The characteristics of stool are “thin, hard, and liquid (diarrheal stool)”, “stool leaks (adheres to underwear)”, “stool does not fall straight down, it turns sideways and gets caught in the front”, and “straining” It doesn't reach the anus," etc.

In pursuit of these causes, defecation contrast examination (inspection using simulated stool using barium and wheat), residual stool contrast examination (contrast examination of the rectum using a water-soluble contrast agent), and dynamic MRI (MRI that dynamically examines jelly stool). ) is useful and clarifies the pathology. Defecation disorders are treated with defecation guidance, biofeedback (physical therapy), and surgery.

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b. Inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer
　Recently Japanese people have become westernized diet. It is speculated that this is an increasing disease. Typical inflammatory bowel diseases include ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Erosions (slight wounds) and ulcers (deep wounds) occur in the intestines, and symptoms such as melena, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever appear.

It is an intractable chronic enteritis of unknown cause. Colorectal cancer has recently become the number one cancer site-specific occurrence among Japanese people (total number). Endoscopic resection is sufficient if it is detected as an early polyp (adenoma) or intramucosal carcinoma. These diseases are diagnosed by colonoscopy and histological examination of the lesions. Inflammatory bowel disease is mainly treated with drugs, and cancer is treated with surgery.